South East Asian Chironomus: C. kiiensis type 2

Chironomus kiiensis type 2

In BOLD Bin: BOLD:AAD8161. as C. striatipennis

Adult:

Male:
Wing length = 1.98-2.84 mm.; width = 0.53-0.70) mm.  VR = 1.04-1.08.
LR = 1.49-1.82;
Face yellowish brown, antennae and palps brown.  AR about 2.47-2.97.  Frontal tubercles about 41 (35-49) µm long and 14 (10-20) µm wide.  Palpal proportions (micron) 45 : 44 : 161 : 164 : 240.  Clypeal setae - abt 16-22.
Thorax pale brown with brown stripes, lateral stripes darker along the medial edge, and ending in a darker spot; postnotum and sternopleuron brown.
Setae: acrostichals - abt 17 (13-23); dorsocentrals - 19 (16-26); prealar - 5 (3-5); scutellar - 2-4 in anterior row, 8-14 in posterior row.
Wings with dark spot over the crossvein and with obvious dark clouds and seams, particularly in cell R5;  abt 6-14 setae on stem vein in two clusters, abt 18 setae on squamal fringe.
Haltere pale.
Leg proportions (arbitrary units):

	Fe	Ti	Ta1	Ta2	Ta3
PI	1031	938	1390	760	613
PII	1092	1048	735	366	266
PIII	1224	1270	987	557	430
	Ta4	Ta5	LR	F/T	BR
PI	413	249	1.32-164	1.10-1.11	2.3-3.5
PII	175	136	0.0.60-0.82	1.1.01-1.07
PIII	256	170	0.78	0.96

BR less than 4, i.e. apparently lower than in C. kiiensis.

Wings with dark clouds as in C. striatipennis.
Superior volsella of the E(h)-type of Strenzke (1959)

Fourth instar larva: a small plumosus-type (length 9.2 mm). ventral tubules coiled with posterior longer.
Gula from pale to dark, which may extend over posterior 2/3; and frontoclypeus also from pale to dark.
Distance between antennal bases generally greater than the distance between the S4 setae.
Mentum with c2 teeth of central tooth separated and sharp (type III), 4th lateral possibly slightly reduced, but broken on available specimen (type I?). Pecten epipharyngis with 14 teeth.
Ventromental plates separated by about 0.28 of the mentum width, about 38-40 striae reaching at least halfway to anterior margin.
Premandibles with teeth approximately equal in length; inner tooth about 2x wider than the outer tooth.
Antenna with basal segment relatively long, 3.2 times longer than wide; RO from about 0.37-0.42 up from base of segment; AR about 1.8; proportions (µm) 102 : 23 : 9 : 11 : 8.
Distance between antennal bases generally greater than the distance between the S4 setae.
Mandible with third inner tooth partially separated, and pale (i.e. type IIA), with 17-19 furrows.

Cytology: Four polytene chromosomes with the pseudothummi-cytocomplex combination BF, CD, AE, G. Centromeres only slightly heterochromatic in Malaysian specimens..

Found: Malaysia - Minden, Penang (5.13°N; 100.13°E)
Singapore - Bedok Canal (1.367°N; 103.939°E)
Thailand - Pattani, Pattani Province (6.87°N; 101.25°E)

Adult and immatures described by Al-Shami et al. (2012) as C. kiiensis probably refer to this species.

Molecular: The mitochondrial COI differs from that of Type 1, and this sequence is found in Japan and SE Asia, but has not been found in India.
BOLD accession numbers: COTW009, COTW010, COTW013

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