C. pallidinubeculosus Tokunaga, 1964

Fourth instar larva (based on 1 male, 1 female and 1 unsexed larva): a medium sized (8.0 (male)-10.5 (female) mm) plumosus-type larva.  Gula pale or slightly darkened on posterior third;  frontoclypeus slightly dark or dark.  Ventral tubules moderately long (ant. 0.84-1.36 mm; post. 0.76-1.48 mm) shorter in the male, relative length of anterior and posterior pair variable.  Anal tubules of the male larva about 220 µm long and 2.4 times longer than wide.
Mentum (Fig. c) with c2 teeth of central trifid tooth well separated from c1 tooth (type III), 4th laterals slightly reduced (type I).
Pecten epipharyngis (Fig. a) with about 16-21 variable but sharp teeth.  Ventromental plates Fig. d) abt. 168 µm wide, separated by about 0.32-0.38 of width of mentum; with about 31 (29-32) striae; VMR 0.25.
Premandible with the two teeth about equal in length and coming to relatively fine points, inner tooth about 1.3-2.5 wider than the outer tooth (Ty. B1).Antenna (Fig. b) with a moderately long basal segment, which is about 4.04-4.05 times as long as wide; RO about 0.3-0.4 up from base; AR about 2.02-2.05; Antennal proportions: 115 : 27 : 10.5 : 13 : 6.
Mandible (Fig. e) with third inner tooth only slightly darkened (Type I-IIB), and with about 13 (12-14) furrows on outer surface at the base; reported to have a double bulge on the inner surface of the mandible; MTR about 0.33.

Cytology:  4 polytene chromosomes with the pseudothummi arm combination AE, BF, CD, G.
Nucleolus virtually terminal in arm G, with very large Balbiani ring (BR) adjacent, separated by only 4-5 bands; closely paired.  No nucleoli in long chromosomes.
Polymorphism in arms D and F seen in the two specimens examined.
pnbA1:    1 - 2c, 11 - 7, 4 - 6, 2d - 3, 12 - 19
pnbB1:    Puff near the end of the arm with the dark bands distal (in all sequences?)
pnbC1:    Constriction (groups 3 and 4) about one quarter from distal end.
pnbD1:   
pnbD2:    a simple inversion of about 1/3 of the arm towards the distal end.
pnbE1:    1 - 13                                                                            as piger, etc.
pnbF1:    1 - 2a, 10 - 6, 15 - 11, 2b - 5, 16 - 23            i.e. from oppositus F1 by Inv15 - 5
pnbF2:    A complex inversion of about the distal half of the arm
pnbG1:    Virtually terminal nucleolus with adjacent BR.

Pupa:  Length about 6.7-7.0 mm, posterior margin of wing case about 1.35-1.60 mm.
Head:  Cephalic tubercles about 63-79 µm long and about 40-67 µm wide at the base, with a subterminal seta about 40-57 µm long.Thorax: Prealar tubercle present but small, about 18-23 µm long and 8-10 µm wide.  Basal scar of respiratory horn with edge thicker at the anterior end, and pinched at the centre, about 113-116 µm long and 49-57 µm wide.  There are a number of small pits (2-4) immediately anterior to the basal scar, and a large, possibly muscle scar just posterior to it.
Abdomen:  About 61-75 recurved hooks on posterior margin of segment II, the hook row covering about 60-85% of the width of the segment.  Pedes spurii B on segment II, and larger on segment III, and pedes spurii A on segment IV, while those of segment V and VI are small and mainly identifiable by the spinules.
Only 3 L-setae seen on segment III, while the last one on segment IV is at the junction with segment V.  Segment VIII with two pairs of larval ventral tubules; caudolateral spur with one main spine and 1 or 2 smaller ones.
Anal lobe with about 59-62 taeniae on each side, mostly in a single row but multiple rows at posterior end.

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Modified: 5 September 2023
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