C. javanus Kieffer, 1924

Adult:

Male:
A yellowish-green species with dark bands on the tarsi and darkening of the cross veins of the wings.

Illustration of the hypopygium of C. javanus
From Tokunaga (1964)

Thorax of a yolky colour, dull with practically no pruinosity; legs whitish especially on tibiae, tarsal segments black at joints; abdomen without dark markings but quite strongly pruinose at incisures and on segments 5 and 7, anal point of male narrow at base in side view.  Quotes AR about 4.5, but in other populations the AR is quoted as lower (2.9-3.82 (Tokunaga 1964; Sasa & Hasagawa, 1983; Chaudhuri et al. 1992)).  LR about 1.8.
Wing length 2.75 (2.07-3.0) mm, width 0.66 (0.56-0.75) mm; VR 0.92-0.98; 2 Scf on brachiolum, 20 (15-26) setae on squamal fringe.
Head:  Frontal tubercles 53 x 15 µm (3.5 times longer than wide).  Palpal proportions (micron): 60 : 60 : 185 : 220 : 330 : P5/P4 1.5 (1.24-1.74).  Clypeus about 0.67-0.75 of antennal pedicel, with about 17-25 setae.
Thoracic setae: acrostichal 0.8 (0-4); dorsocentrals 9.8 (7-15); Prealar 4.5 (3-7); Supraalar 1; Scutellar with only a single row of 11.3 (5-16) setae.
Leg lengths (microns) and proportions as follows:

Male	Fe	Ti	Ta1	Ta2	Ta3	Ta4	Ta5	LR	F/T	BR
PI	1210	1045	1120	955	840	770	350	1.60-1.80	1.15-1.24	2.1-2.5
PII	1300	1120	720	370	275	185	135	0.60-0.68	1.0-1.16
PIII	1440	1440	1115	600	465	290	160	0.70-0.79	0.99-1.00

Pupa:  has been described by Chaudhuri et al. (1992), and the abdomen illustrated by P.S. Cranston in his Electronic Guide to Chironomidae of Australia, as C. vitellinus (below).  This illustration is reproduced (with permission).
Length: Male 6.40 (6.38-6.70) mm; female 7.01 (6.90-7.14) mm (6-7 mm in Lenz 1937).  Exuviae grey.  Frontal tubercles 81-110 µm long and 51-70 µm in diameter, subapical seta 38-90 µm long, i.e. about as long as the tubercles.  It is possible there is slight development of frontal warts (see Cranston figure).  Respiratory base about 110-157 x 53-81 µm wide.  2 pairs of precorneal setae.
Abdomen with Pedes spurii A caudolateral on segments IV-VI, that on segment IV about 140 (116-157) x 91 (71-111) µm wide and about 21 (18-22)% of the segment length; Pedes spurii B basolateral on segment I and caudolateral on segment II, which also bears a caudal row of about 72.3 (66-81) hooks which occupy 61-64% of the segment width.  Caudolateral spur of segment VIII with 1-4 spines, although commonly only 1 is long.  Swim fin with aboout 70-72 taeniae in a single row proximally and a double row distally.

Fourth instar larva: a medium sized, essentially plumosus-type larva (fem. 9.3-13.7 mm (11), male 13.0 mm (1)), although lateral tubules (about 380 micron long) are more ventrally placed than in other species.  Chaudhuri et al. (1992) show the VT arising very close together, but this is not normal in this species from other countries.  Anal tubules about 425 microns long, with median constriction.
Gula pale or slightly darkened on posterior third;  frontoclypeus pale.
Mentum (Fig. c) with the central trifid tooth set below the 1st laterals, and the c2 teeth markedly separated from c1 tooth (type III) and pointed towards it; 4th laterals at most slightly reduced (type I).
Pecten epipharyngis (Fig. a) with about 12-13 often irregular teeth (type D).  Ventromentum (Fig. d) about 3.7 times wider than deep, with about 27-28 striae.
Antenna (Fig. b) with the basal segment about 4 times as long as wide; AR about 2.4; ratio of segments 125 : 29 : 6 : 9 : 5.
Distance between S4 setae slightly larger than with between antennal bases.
Mandible (Fig. e) with third inner tooth darkened and completely separated (type IIIB), with three spines on inner margin, and about 12-13 furrows on the outer surface at the base.

The larva is most readily recognised by the unusual premandible, which has 7 teeth (or sometimes 6 as illustrated by Chaudhuri et al. (1992) for Indian specimens) rather than the usual two, as well as the lowered central trifid tooth of the mentum.

The morphology of all stages has been described by Chaudhuri et al. (1992) and some larval characters have been illustrated by P.S. Cranston in his Electronic Guide to Chironomidae of Australia, as C. vitellinus.  These are reproduced here (with permission).

Cytology:  4 polytene chromosomes chromosomes with the thummi arm combination AB, CD, EF, G, but Keyl arms very difficult to recognize.
Nucleolus virtually terminal in arm G, with large Balbiani Ring near middle of the arm; closely paired.  No nucleolus in long chromosomes.

Found: Type locality Buitenzorg, Java, INDONESIA. also ¿Sumatra (Johannsen 1932).
            Australia - Manning River, Kundibakh, New South Wales.
            Northern Territory - Darwin(Type locality of C. vitellinus).
            Queensland - Mareeba (16.98°S, 145.42°E); Sarina (21.42°S, 149.20°E).
            Fiji - Labasa, Vanua Levu (16.33°S, 179.50°E) and Nadi, Viti Levu (17.67°S, 177.50°E).
            Melanesia - Caroline Islands and Marshall Islands.
            Papua New Guinea - Mafulu (1200 m), Lae-Goroka Road (8.50°S, 146.00°E), Eastern Highlands Province; Sogeri (7.56°S, 143.43°E),
            Central Province
            Other regions:
            India - Jammu & Kashmir: University of Jammu Campus (32.73°N; 74.87°E).
            Japan - Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture, Honshu (34.989°N; 138.38°E).
            Malaysia - Minden (5.13°N; 100.13°E) and Bukit Merah Rice Res. Stn, Permatang Pauh, Penang; Tregganu.
            ¿Thailand - Ban Bangkanark, Chachoengsao Province; San Pa Tong Rice Experimental Station, Amphoe San Pa Tong,
            Chiang Mai Province; Ban Mae Kachiang, Amphoe Wiang Pa Pao, Chiang Rai Province (Hashimoto et al. 1981)
            Central Africa - Blantyre, Malawi.

The adult male was described from Thailand by Hashimoto et al. (1981), and all stages for India by Chaudhuri, Das & Sublette (1992).  The cytological description given here is based on Australian, Papua New Guinea and Japanese specimens.  Includes species PK3.